December 25, or Christmas of the Western Christians
Zodiac Sign Capricorn
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Capricorn, December 25. Those born on this day are primarily interested in everything unusual in life. Their attention is attracted by what is truly capable of freeing a person from worldly concerns.
It is quite natural for them to strive for the experience of a sublime or exalted state of consciousness, achieved in a variety of ways: through art, such as music or dance, through religious practice, or perhaps simply through imagination.
However, in some cases, such self-forgetfulness is nothing more than an attempt to hide from one's personal problems and worries. In this case, more primitive artificial means are used, such as, for example, stimulants, drugs or sensual entertainment.
Most of those born on December 25 tend to perceive the experience of an unreal state of consciousness rather as a personal achievement. It is difficult to convince them that fantastic flights over the earth are just a figment of an inflamed imagination. And yet, daydreaming helps them to fully reveal the artistically refined personality traits.
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Capricorn men born on December 25: Humphrey Bogart, Conrad Hilton, Justin Trudeau.
- are distinguished by the following features:
- humorous,
- responsible,
- loyal,
- respecting tradition,
- diplomat,
- gentleman,
- pleasant to talk to,
- mastering the art of etiquette,
- but at the same time confident and laconic.
- He does not speak loudly and beautifully, does not shower with compliments, he looks closely at the woman he likes for a long time, notes the traits close to him - often representatives of this sign pay attention not only not to the appearance, but also to the woman's ability to behave.
Capricorn women born on December 25: Dido, Annie Lennox, Hailie Jade.
- have the following qualities:
- responsible,
- serious,
- loyal.
- Capricorn women are somewhat more erotic and amorous than the stronger sex of this sign.
- The Capricorn woman, like no one else, knows how to behave like a real lady - she is strict in observing external decency and at first glance seems cold and unapproachable, strict and mysterious, but at the same time, such a volcano of passions is rarely hidden in any woman.
- Her charm is mysterious and ambiguous, and first of all, it is aimed at ensuring that a man conquers and achieves her, makes efforts.
Holidays
December 25
Christmas of the Western Christians
On December 25, Christmas is celebrated not only by Catholics, but also by some Orthodox countries, Lutherans and other Protestant denominations.
The first information about the celebration of Christmas by Christians dates from the 4th century.
The question of the real date of birth of Jesus Christ is controversial and ambiguously resolved among ecclesiastical authors.
Perhaps the choice of December 25th is associated with the pagan solar holiday “Birth of the Unbeatable Sun” that came to this day, which, after the adoption of Christianity in Rome, was filled with new content.
According to one of the modern hypotheses, the choice of the date of Christmas occurred due to the simultaneous celebration of the Incarnation of Christ and Easter by early Christians. Accordingly, as a result of adding to this date (March 25) nine months, Christmas fell on the day of the winter solstice.
Traditions
On the eve, or on the day of the evening of the feast (December 24), a particularly strict fast is observed, called Christmas Eve, since on this day it is eaten with ''socheevo" - wheat or barley grains brewed with honey. By tradition, the post of Christmas Eve ends with the appearance of the first evening star in the sky. On the evening of the feast, the Old Testament prophecies and events related to the Nativity of the Savior are remembered.
Christmas services are held three times: at midnight, at dawn and in the afternoon, which symbolizes the Nativity of Christ in the bosom of God the Father, in the womb of the Mother of God and in the soul of every Christian.
In the 13th century, during the time of St. Francis of Assisi, it became customary to exhibit in churches a crib in which to place the figure of the Child Jesus to worship in temples. Over time, nurseries began to be set before Christmas, not only in temples, but also in homes. Domestic santona - mock-ups in a glass box depict a grotto, and baby Jesus is in the manger. Next to him is the Mother of God, Joseph, the angel, the shepherds who came to worship, and also the animals - the bull, the donkey. Whole scenes from folk life are also depicted: for example, peasants are placed in folk costumes next to the holy family.
Church and folk customs harmoniously intertwined in the celebration of Christmas. In Catholic countries, the custom of caroling is well known - going home to children and young people with songs and good wishes. In response, they receive gifts: sausage, roasted chestnuts, fruits, eggs, pies, sweets. Greedy owners are ridiculed and threaten them with misfortunes. Various masks, dressed in animal skins, take part in the processions, this action is accompanied by noisy fun. This custom was repeatedly condemned by the church authorities as pagan, and gradually, with carols, they began to visit only relatives, neighbors and close friends.
The tradition of lighting the ceremonial fire in the hearth - the “Christmas log” - testifies to the remnants of the pagan worship of the sun in Christmas time. The log solemnly, observing various ceremonies, was brought into the house, set on fire, at the same time doing a prayer and cutting a cross on it (an attempt to reconcile the pagan rite with the Christian religion). The log was sprinkled with grain, poured over with honey, wine and butter, put pieces of food on it, addressed it as a living being, raised glasses of wine in his honor.
In the days of the celebration of Christmas, the custom has been established to break the “Christmas bread” - special sweet wafers consecrated in temples during Advent - and to eat it both before the festive meal and during the greetings and congratulations on each other.
A characteristic element of the holiday of Christmas is the custom to install in the houses a dressed up spruce tree. This pagan tradition originated in the Germanic peoples, in whose rituals the fir was a symbol of life and fertility. With the spread of Christianity among the peoples of Central and Northern Europe, the fir-tree decorated with multi-colored spheres acquires a new symbolism: it was installed in the houses on December 24 as a symbol of the paradise tree with abundant fruits.
Also on November 25...
At the end of 1759, there were terrible frosts in Petersburg, reaching up to –37 ° C. These days, the physicist, academician of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences, Joseph Adam Brown, who has lived in Russia since 1748, conducted experiments on mercury. With the help of cooling mixtures, he managed to lower the temperature to -56 ° C and, thus, to obtain solid mercury, which could be forged, hacked and sawed. A few days later, Brown, together with his colleague and patron Academician Lomonosov, repeated the experiments. Brown spoke about his work at a public meeting of the Academy of Sciences in a report entitled “On the amazing coldness, art produced from which mercury froze.” The discovery of the freezing of mercury, reports of which appeared in many scientific journals, caused a real sensation in the academic world. Several decades later, in 1785, St. Petersburg academicians determined the exact freezing temperature of mercury - minus 39 ° C. This was a significant limitation in the use of mercury in thermometers, especially outdoor ones, since frosts close to the freezing point of mercury are not so rare ...
1878 - Louis Chevrolet American car racer, car designer, one of the founders of the Chevrolet company, was born in Western Switzerland to the family of watchmakers, (died June 6, 1941). From childhood he was well versed in family watch making, was fond of mechanics, repairing bicycles.
1887 - Conrad Nicholson Hilton, founder of the Hilton Hotels Corporation, a large hotel chain worldwide, was born in the city of San Antonio, New Mexico (USA), in the family of a grocery store manager. (died Jan. 3, 1979).
Konrad Hilton left behind not only a huge fortune, he brought the hotel business to a completely new level of development, and his undertakings have now become world standards.
1925 (according to other sources 1931) - Carlos Castaneda (Carlos Aranha), an American esoteric writer, was born in Cajamarca (Peru), (died April 27, 1998). His mother gave birth to him at the age of 15, and his father at the time was 17 years old. Carlos was raised by one of the sisters of a mother who died when he was six years old.
1926 - after the death of the emperor of Japan Yoshihito (emperor Taisho), his eldest son ascended to the throne - 25-year-old crown prince Hirohito (April 29, 1901 - January 7, 1989), proclaimed 124th emperor of Japan.
1954 - Annie Lennox Oscar-winning Scottish singer was born in Aberdeen (Scotland). With David Stewart, she organized the band The Tourists. The project did not bring financial success. Later, they organized the group "Eurythmics", the first album of the group "In the Garden", was released in 1980. Only with the second album "Sweet dreams" came recognition - both critics and the public.
1979 - The war in Afghanistan (1979-1989) began between the limited contingent of Soviet troops and the government forces of Afghanistan, on the one hand, and numerous armed units of the Afghan Mujahideen ("Dushmans"), on the other.
And although a quarter of a century has passed since the end of the war, during this time many regional armed conflicts have occurred, which have attracted the attention of the entire world community, but the Afghan problem remains one of the most acute in the world, and around the causes of the past war there are fierce disputes in which polar points of view collide.
1991 - Mikhail Gorbachev in a televised address announced his resignation from the post of President of the USSR. At 19.00 on the air of the Central Television, he delivered a farewell speech to the people.
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