October 4, or New Calendar and Animal Day
Zodiac Sign Libra
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Libra, October 4. Unlike most people around, those born on on this day just live their lives and behave the way they want.
Although they are often very nice and pleasant people, they have an inner firmness that is the result of overcoming the difficulties of our imperfect world. This realism and survival orientation fuel their irony, observation and heightened sense of humor.
Those born 4 October like it when everything goes smoothly, but undoubtedly smoothly in the direction they have chosen themselves.
They know how to use power without advertising it, and to be a boss, without exaggerating their strong-willed qualities.
In fact, they always make a very deceptive impression - those born on this day at first glance seem to be gentle and understanding natures, but at the same time they can be unyielding where their powers are directly affected. Nevertheless, those around them consider the charm of those born on October 4 pleasant and encouraging.
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Libra men born on October 4:
- have the following traits:
- charming,
- balanced,
- funny.
- The Libra man is an excellent psychologist and advisor.
- However, he himself hardly decides to take a crucial step, so the best companion for him is a woman who will be a support and assistant, instill confidence and help achieve his goals.
- A family idyll for the representative of this sign is the main reward.
Libra women born on October 4:
- are not like others with such properties:
- refined,
- feminine,
- pliable,
- patient.
- Libra women are a little conservative, they like it when you can understand in advance what will happen next, they are not prone to adventures.
- Conservatism is also manifested in the appearance of Libra women: having found their own style, they do not change it for many years.
- They dress elegantly and tastefully, but do not follow fashion trends, and extravagance and outrageousness are completely unacceptable for them.
Main event
A conversion to a new calendar, by decree of Pope Gregory XIII, which was named after the Pope's Gregorian
October 4, 1582
October 4, 1582
Portrait of Pope Gregory XIII artist Lavinia Fontana
The modern calendar originates from the ancient Roman Julian calendar, which was introduced from January 1, 45 BC as a result of the reform implemented in 46 BC by Julius Caesar.
In the Julian calendar, every four consecutive years consist of three for 365 days and one leap year for 366 days. Thus, the year of the Julian numeration is 365.5 days, and it is 11 minutes 12 seconds longer than the tropical year. These annual delays in 128 years reach one day.
In 1582, the accumulated difference of 10 days was corrected, and in order to prevent its recurrence in Catholic Europe, a new system of chronology, the Gregorian, was adopted.
In 1582, the inhabitants of Rome went to bed on October 4, and woke up the next day - October 15. The counting of days was moved 10 days ahead, and the day after Thursday, October 4, was prescribed to be considered Friday, but not 5, but October 15. The calendar reform was carried out by Pope Gregory XIII.
By the end of the 16th century, the spring equinox, which in 325 AD was on March 21, came on March 1. This displacement led to the disagreement of days of the year with natural phenomena, which had a detrimental effect on agricultural work, the establishment of fairs, etc. And the main concern of the Pope was not only to restore the equinox and full Moon to the places they had retreated from, but also to establish the rules by which in the future the equinox and the Moon would never move from their seats.
The reform was carried out on the basis of the project of the Italian doctor, astronomer and mathematician Luigi Lillio.
- It was decided every 400 years to throw out of the account 3 days. Thus, instead of 100 leap days for every 400 years, in the Julian calendar only 97 became in the Gregorian calendar.
- Those century years were excluded from the number of leap years (years with two zeros at the end), the number of which is not divisible by 4. years, in particular, were 1700, 1800 and 1900.
- The year in the Gregorian notation is longer than tropical by 26 seconds, and the difference per day accumulates over 3280 years.
- The difference between the old and the new styles is 18 days for the 18th century, 12 days for the 19th century and 13 days for the 20th century.
- The days of the week in both calendars are the same, and therefore when you move from one of them to the other, the day of the week remains.
The Gregorian calendar in different countries was introduced at different times. By the mid-20th century, almost all countries of the world used the Gregorian calendar.
Holidays
World Animal Day
World Animal Day is an international day, designed to draw the attention of mankind to the problems of other inhabitants of planet Earth.
In fact, it is the veiling of St. Francis Day (a Catholic saint, the founder of the beggarly order named after him - the Order of the Franciscans (1209). The main feature of Francis was a lively feeling of compassion. His brotherly love for all creatures, forms the basis of his poetry: he feeds honey bees in winter with wine, picks up the worms from the road, so, that they are not crushed, buys out the lamb, that is taken to the slaughterhouse, frees the rabbit, that has fallen into the trap, addresses the birds in the field with instructions.
Celebrating this day was decided in Florence (Italy), in 1931, at the international congress of supporters of the movement for protection animals.
The idea of holding such a day has taken root around the world and in 2008 various events dedicated to this date were held in 68 countries of the world.
Also on October 4...
1669 - Rembrandt Harmenszoon Van Rijn (b. 1606) died, a Dutch artist, engraver, great master of chiaroscuro, the largest representative of the ''golden age'' of Dutch painting.
1675 - Dutch physicist Christian Huygens patented a pocket watch.
1780 - the remains of the last expedition of the English navigator James Cook returned to England.
1895 - Buster Keaton (d. 1966), an American comedian, was born.
1903 - John Vincent Atanasov (d. 1995), mathematician and electrical engineer, one of the inventors of the first electronic computer, was born.
1911 - the first escalator was put into operation in London.
1916 - Romanov-on-Murman was founded, later renamed Murmansk and became the largest city in the world, located beyond the Arctic Circle.
1934 - Enrico Fermi discovers the effect of neutron moderation.
1957 - the first artificial Earth satellite was launched in the USSR.
1958 - the first regular transatlantic flights of jet aircraft began from London to New York.
1959 - ''Luna-3'' spacecraft was launched, photographing the far side of the Moon for the first time.
1965 - during the first in the history of the papacy visit of Pope Paul VI to the United States, he published a bull in which the Jews were releived from charged with the death of Jesus Christ.
1965 - Eugene Kaspersky, a Russian programmer, an expert in the field of information security, was born.
1970 - Janis Joplin (b. 1943), a rock singer who is considered the best white blues performer and one of the greatest vocalists in the history of rock music, died.
1995 - a television broadcast of the cult series “Neon Genesis Evangelion” was launched in Japan.
1999 - surveillance and control center on Internet crimes is created in the United States. The responsibility of the new center is to detect the results of hacker activity on the network and then promptly notify banks and financial institutions of the existence of a threat emanating from hackers.
2000 - parole of John Lennon's killer was denied. After a conversation with the criminal, members of the commission came to the conclusion that this murder was a calculated and deliberate act.
2000 - list of the most "mobile" countries are published. Finland comes first, with 76% of subscribers to wireless services.
2004 - ''SpaceShipOne'' completed its second credited Suborbital space flight and won the ''Ansari X Prize''.
2007 - "openSUSE" version 10.3 is released.
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